Original Article
Concordance of self-reporting of diabetes compared with medical records: A comparative study using polyclinic data in Singapore
Approximately 422 million people worldwide have diabetes and 1.6 million deaths are attributed to diabetes each year,1 contributing to high economic costs worldwide. Diabetes...
Letter to the Editor
Association between self-care and chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Dear Editor,
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the key complications occurring in 25–40% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).1 Our...
Original Article
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease screening in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cost-effectiveness and price threshold analysis
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing epidemic and has become a major cause of liver-related mortality and indication for liver transplantations globally....
Letter to the Editor
Safety and efficacy of combined antiplatelet and low-dose rivaroxaban in patients with chronic limb threatening ischaemia in Singapore
Dear Editor,
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is characterised by the debilitating atherosclerotic occlusion of arteries in the lower extremities, with chronic limb threatening ischaemia (CLTI)...
Original Article
Interaction of sex and diabetes in Asian patients with heart failure with mildly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common comorbidity worldwide with global prevalence among adults above 18 years of age increasing from 4.7% in 1980 to...
Editorial
Impact of sex and diabetes in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction
With increasing global awareness of sex differences in the heart failure population and the new entity of heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction...
Original Article
A Review of Pedestrian Fatalities in Singapore from 1990 to 1994
Fatal road accidents are by no means uncommon in Singapore, a modern tropical metropolis with a population of approximately 3 million. Statistics provided by...
Original Article
Glaucoma Pattern Amongst the Elderly Chinese in Singapore
Glaucoma is a major cause of world blindness in developing and developed nations. The WHO Global data on blindness show that over half of...
Review Article
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Singapore
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or lupus (“wolf” in Latin) in short, is an autoimmune disorder of unknown aetiology(ies) and characterised by diverse clinical manifestations...
Review Article
Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetes mellitus affects some 9% of Singaporeans. Studies had shown that virtually all insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (Type 1) and 85% of non-insulin dependent...
Others
Hypoglycaemia from Islet Cell Hyperplasia and Nesidioblastosis in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus—A Case Report
A 57-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for perforated left tubo-ovarian abscess and found to have newly diagnosed diabetes with an admission blood...
Others
A Case Report of Aspergillus Hypersensitivity Syndrome with Obstructing Bronchial Aspergillosis
The spectrum of pulmonary aspergillosis includes saprophytic colonisation, hypersensitivity syndromes and invasive lung disease. There has been a tendency to classify these syndromes as...
Original Article
A Rational Alternative for the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus in High Risk Individuals
The “gold standard” for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus has all along been the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). As diabetes mellitus defines a...
Others
Traditional Indian Systems of Medicine
Traditional medicine includes the knowledge and practices that rely exclusively on practical experience and observations handed down from generations to generations, either verbally or...
Original Article
Impairment of Endothelial Function—A Possible Mechanism for Atherosclerosis of a High-fat Meal Intake
The impairment of endothelial vasodilatory function has been considered an early event in atherogenesis. This has been studied in association with various cardiovascular risk...
Others
A Rare Cause of Syncope in a Patient with Diabetes Mellitus—A Case Report
Hypoglycaemia is a common medical emergency. It presents either with symptoms of neuroglycopaenia, such as episodes of visual blurring, confusion, convulsions and sometimes coma...
Original Article
Malignant Melanoma Seen in a Tertiary Dermatological Centre, Singapore
Unlike in Caucasians, primary malignant melanoma is an uncommon skin malignancy in Singapore. There have been little published data on cutaneous melanoma in Southeast...
Others
Current Therapeutic Strategies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is now recognised as a metabolic syndrome and although the treatment paradigm has shifted from one that focuses solely on...
Original Article
Thyroid Dysfunction in Chronic Schizophrenia Within a State Psychiatric Hospital
Thyroid dysfunction can give rise to various psychiatric symptoms. While there is a persistent interest in the role of thyroid axis in affective disorders,...
Original Article
Are Maternal Deaths on the Ascent in Singapore? A Review of Maternal Mortality as Reflected by Coronial Casework from 1990 to 1999
It is said that, worldwide, over half a million maternal deaths occur annually. This might well be a conservative estimate, given the difficulties inherent...
Original Article
How Much do Diabetic Patients Know About Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications?
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common and growing healthcare problem in Singapore with a prevalence of 9% in 1998. Since the 1990s, the Ministry...
Review Article
Clinical PET Imaging – An Asian Perspective
Positron emission tomography (PET) is distinct from other imaging modalities in its ability to probe the physiology and biochemistry of normal and abnormal tissues....
Review Article
The Epidemiology of Myopia in Hong Kong
Myopia is a refractive condition in which the image of a distant object is formed anterior to the retina of the unaccommodated (relaxed) eye....
Review Article
Evidence for an “Epidemic” of Myopia
A number of authors have recently proposed that myopia is increasing at an “epidemic” rate, particularly in East Asia, and especially among populations of...
Original Article
Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Paediatric Oncology Patients in Singapore
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has been gaining acceptance throughout the world. The efficacy of CAM is unproven, yet it remains popular with the...
Review Article
Diabetes as a Risk Factor for Periodontal Disease: Current Status and Future Considerations
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common and growing global health problem. It is highly prevalent in Asian communities. Hong Kong, Pakistan, and Singapore are...
Original Article
Diabetic Retinopathy in Type II Diabetics Detected by Targeted Screening Versus Newly Diagnosed in General Practice
The epidemic of type II diabetes mellitus is now recognised worldwide. In India, it has been estimated that the population with type II diabetes...
Original Article
Tuberculosis Peritonitis in Negara Brunei Darussalam
There has been a resurgence of tuberculosis (TB) in many countries, including developed nations, especially with the HIV pandemic and the increase in immigration.1,2...
Review Article
Obesity and Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Hypopnoea Syndrome in Singapore Children
Obesity is becoming a problem of epidemic proportions and is perhaps, the most pervasive medical problem faced by medical providers today. It is a...
Review Article
Sleep Disorders in Children: The Singapore Perspective
Sleep problems are common in children. For example, snoring occurs in more than 25% of Singapore children1 and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) occurs in...
Original Article
The Metabolic Syndrome in Hypertensive and Normotensive Subjects: The Isfahan Healthy Heart Programme
The metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterised by a clustering of metabolic risk factors and an insulin-resistant state.1 Its prevalence is high in Western, as...
Commentary
Sociodemographic Factors Influencing the Effectiveness of Public Health Education – A Comparison of Two Studies in Singapore
Public health education is a cornerstone in the primary prevention of chronic diseases. In the United States, for example, studies have shown that cardiovascular...
Original Article
Molecular Analysis of the SMN1 and NAIP Genes in Iranian Patients with Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is one of the most common autosomal recessive disorders. It is characterised by degeneration of the anterior horn cells...
Original Article
Characteristics, and Disease Control and Complications of Hypertensive Patients in Primary-care – A Community-based Study in Singapore
Essential hypertension is a chronic disease involving the primary elevation of systemic blood pressure (BP). While the main causes of essential hypertension has not...
Original Article
Impact of Depression on Health Related Quality of Life in Patients with Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a serious chronic illness that imposes significant morbidity and mortality and has a major impact on the quality of life...
Original Article
Epidemiology and Management of Surgical Upper Limb Infections in Patients with End-stage Renal Failure
Hand infections are common in the general population, and their management is usually uncomplicated. Several papers have noted that patients with diabetes mellitus have...
Original Article
Eighteen-Month Clinical Safety and Efficacy Outcomes of Sirolimus-, Paclitaxel- and Zotarolimus-drug Eluting Stents in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Complex Coronary Artery Stenosis
Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have higher incidence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality compared with non-diabetic patients. The underlying mechanism is due to the...
Commentary
2009 Pandemic Influenza H1N1: Paediatric Perspectives
The pandemic H1N1 influenza virus, containing genes from avian, human and swine influenza viruses, emerged in North America, and caused illness in more than...
Original Article
Framingham Risk Score Inadequately Predicts Cardiac Risk in Young Patients Presenting with a First Myocardial Infarction
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The Framingham Risk Score (FRS) was derived from the Framingham Heart Study...
Review Article
The Relevance of the Metabolic Syndrome
Metabolic syndrome describes a constellation of interrelated metabolic risk factors, in which components coexist more frequently in a given individual than could be expected...
Original Article
Health-related Quality of Life is Associated with Diabetic Complications, but not with Short-term Diabetic Control in Primary Care
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major chronic disease globally. With increasing life expectancy, long-term complications of diabetes mellitus leading to significant morbidity and...
Original Article
Incidence and Risk Factors for Development of New-onset Diabetes after Kidney Transplantation
The development of new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is a serious metabolic complication of kidney transplantation that predisposes patients to graft dysfunction, cardiovascular disease...
Original Article
Smoking and Nicotine Dependence in Singapore: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Epidemiological Study
Tobacco is the leading cause of preventable death and is the fourth most common risk factor for disease. Nearly 6 million deaths occur worldwide...
Original Article
Geriatric Syndromes and Depressed Mood in Lower-income Singaporeans with Diabetes: Implications for Diabetes Management and Health Promotion
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (henceforth referred to as diabetes) has increased significantly in the last decade and it is reaching epidemic levels worldwide...
Original Article
Suicidal Ideation, Suicidal Plan and Suicidal Attempts Among Those with Major Depressive Disorder
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that every year, almost a million people die from suicide — a mortality rate of 16 per 100,000,...
Original Article
Kidney Cancer and Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Taiwan
Kidney cancer accounts for 3% to 4% of all cancers. In a systematic review by Mathew and et al,2 the incidence of kidney cancer...
Original Article
Long-term outcomes of ischaemic stroke patients with diabetes in a multi-ethnic cohort in Singapore
Asia faces an epidemic of diabetes. The prevalence of diabetes in Asia is projected to grow from 114 million in 2007 to 180 million...
Editorial
Recurrent vascular events in ischaemic stroke patients with diabetes
Stroke is a major cause of death and disability globally, with 6.55 million deaths (95% uncertainty interval 6.00–7.02 million), 101 million prevalent cases...
Letter to the Editor
Adipsic diabetes insipidus and SGLT2 inhibitor: A perplexing conundrum
A 70-year-old man with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and alcohol dependence presented intoxicated, with occipital scalp lacerations after a...