The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) provides the main restraint to posterior translation of the tibia on the femur and is stronger than its anterior...

Orthopaedic sports medicine in Singapore took form as a subspecialty of orthopaedic surgery over a number of years. Several individuals contributed to it being...

Traumatic dislocation of the shoulder is a serious problem especially in active and young patients. Shoulder instability and recurrent dislocation hinder patient activities. This article...

Female athletes are at a greater risk for injuries involving the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) than their male counterparts in high schools and colleges...

The shift towards broader health perspectives and the emphasis on patient preferences have led to the development of many health questionnaires and their inclusion...

Assessment techniques appear to have an impact on study strategies1 and to influence the performance of students.2,3 The proper selection of a method of...

We thank the author of the letter to the editor for his interest in our study. This article is available only as a PDF. Please...

I read with interest the paper by Chia and Aziz. Using allometric scaling, the authors adjusted peak oxygen uptake (VO2max) for the confounding influence...

We read with interest the study by Sun and colleagues published in the recent April Sports Medicine edition. The study investigated fluid balance associated...

To validate any “adjective”, be it for living or non-living, a criteria or standard is needed. Globalisation, mobility of doctors and the rising number...

Sports-related knee injuries are common, with contact sports and sports involving twisting movements being the most frequent causes. Sports injuries may affect any of...

The ability to sense and regulate body temperature is a key feature of human survival. A deviation of ± 3.5°C from the resting temperature...

The aim of this article is to outline the factors involved with, and a potential strategy for preventing, one of the most common injuries...

Ligamentous injuries of the knee and ankle are a common entity among athletes. Knee sprains can account for up to 30% of injuries in...

Traumatic patellar dislocations affect mainly adolescents and young adults. Up to 44% of patients will develop recurrent dislocation. This article is available only as a...

Treating sports injuries in children and adolescent presents a unique challenge to the physician. They are different anatomically and physiologically from adults. This article is...

During intense exercise, immune disturbances can occur through an increase in plasma pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentrations, and post-exercise leukocytosis and...

Aerobic fitness data of Singaporean athletes are relatively scarce. Yet these data are important as aerobic fitness forms the basis of all training programmes...

Acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) dislocation is a common injury often affecting young athletes. Cyclist, ice hockey players, weight lifters, rugby players and martial exponents are...

The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is increasing rapidly worldwide. A rising rate of obesity in epidemic proportions also brings about economic...

The use of the Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) for assessing all-out intensity short-duration sprint cycling lasting between 10 and 40 seconds is pervasive. Many...

Complete anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture results in a mechanically unstable knee. ACL reconstruction is recommended in athletes to help restore knee stability for...

The menisci of the knee are fibro-cartilaginous structures essential for the normal biomechanic of the knee joint. They play a critical role in shock...

Flatwater kayaking has been gaining popularity in the world and steep growth has been observed in the Asian region. Long distance paddling is often...

The National Survey on Sports Participation showed that the number of Singaporeans who exercised regularly at least once a week doubled from 24% in...

Osteochondral lesions of the talus are a known cause of chronic ankle pain. They are frequently found in the active population after ankle sprains. This...

A superior labral lesion is a pathologic abnormality at the site of the long head of the biceps tendon insertion into the superior labrum...

Plantar fasciitis accounts for an estimated one million visits per year to the doctor in the United States,1 and makes up approximately 25% of...

Exercise-related cardiac arrest is uncommon, however it is devastating when it occurs in otherwise healthy adults. In young adults, vigorous physical exercise trigger cardiac...

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an increasingly important concern in the care of cancer patients. In the approval of oncology drugs, the United...

Obesity or excess body fat is strongly associated with enhanced risks of morbidity and mortality, and its prevalence is rapidly escalating worldwide. Despite these...

Amputation of the lower extremities continues to be a major problem due to vascular-related diseases e.g. diabetes. It is also a prevalent occurrence in...

Overweight and obesity continue to be one of the most critical public health issues worldwide. Body mass index (BMI) derived from height and weight...