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Transitional care strategies at emergency department for elderly patients: A multicentre study in Singapore

In Singapore, greater efforts are being directed towards developing an integrated health and social ecosystem under the new Healthier SG strategy announced by the...

Through the eyes into the brain, using artificial intelligence

Neurological dysfunction is a leading cause of disability, affecting more than 276 million people worldwide.1 Over the last decades, the prevalence of neurological dysfunction...

The eye as a window to the brain

Over the last 20 years, it has become evident that the age-old expression, “the eye is the window into the soul”, might in fact...

Low skeletal muscle mass predicts poor prognosis of elderly patients after emergency laparotomy: A single Asian institution experience

Emergency laparotomy (ELAP) for elderly patients is associated with higher mortality and increased postoperative complications compared with those undergoing elective surgery.1-3 Elderly patients, who...

A strategy to make COVID-19 vaccination more accessible to the elderly

Dear Editor, Singapore embarked on the COVID-19 National Vaccination Programme in early 2021. The main modality employed to achieve the mass vaccinations has been the...

Implementation of an AI model to triage paediatric brain magnetic resonance imaging orders

Dear Editor, Artificial intelligence (AI) is viewed as the most important recent advancement in radiology with the potential to achieve Singapore’s objective of delivering value-based...

ICU nutrition: Bracing for the silver tsunami

The global population’s life expectancy is growing with a steady increase in the proportion of older patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).1...

Cost analysis of a Patient-Centred Medical Home for community-dwelling older adults with complex needs in Singapore

The Patient-Centred Medical Home (PCMH) is a model of chronic care that replaces episodic primary care, with the delivery of primary care to patients,...

Neuralgic amyotrophy in COVID-19 infection and after vaccination

Dear Editor, Various neurological manifestations associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been described,1 conditions which left a significant proportion of patients with permanent disability....

A 52-year-old woman with beading of intracranial arteries

A 52-year-old woman of Indian ethnicity with a history of well-controlled hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and recurrent transient ischaemic attacks presented with altered mentation and slurred...

Determinants of emergency department utilisation by older adults in Singapore: A systematic review

Older adults in Singapore contribute to a disproportionately higher number of visits to the emergency department (ED), mirroring trends around the world.1,2 For instance,...

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Presenting with Visual Blurring, Diplopia and Visual Loss: Heidenhain’s Variant

The electroencephalographic pattern is distinctive in many but not in all patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Often, it is one of diffuse and non-specific...

The Profile of Hospitalised Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

Prevalence studies in various parts of the world have shown that Parkinson’s disease (PD) is relatively common among the aged in all countries. Crude...

The Alien Hand Sign–Case Report and Review of the Literature

The alien hand sign or “strange hand sign”, first coined by Brion and Jedynak in 1972, refers to a feeling that the hand is...

Electrophysiological Features in the Management of Meralgia Paraesthetica

Meralgia paraesthetica is a condition resulting from entrapment of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve at the region of the anterior superior iliac spine, when...

A Retrospective Review of Patients with Clinically Definite Multiple Sclerosis

Genetic susceptibility and environmental factors influence the prevalence and clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis (MS). Since MS is rare in Southeast Asia, descriptions of...

Chronic Subdural Haematoma Presenting with Transient Ischaemic Attacks— A Case Report

Transient ischaemic attacks (TIA) are commonly seen in neurologic practice. They are most commonly associated with cerebrovascular insufficiency, either from a thrombotic or embolic...

Palatal Myoclonus—A Case Report

Palatal myoclonus is a rare movement disorder characterised by rhythmic recurring jerky movements of the soft palate, pharynx, larynx and rarely diaphragm, trunk and...

Potentiation of Acetylcholine-induced Smooth Muscle Contraction in Rat Ileum by Lead

It is known that exposure of animals and humans to heavy metals such as lead can result in neurological dysfunction. Pharmacodynamic effects of lead...

Perceived Need for Community Geriatric Services: A Survey at a Regional Hospital in Singapore in an Inpatient Setting

Singapore has one of the most rapidly ageing populations in the wor1d. The number of the very aged (>75 years old) has already increased...

Swallowing Impairment and Feeding Dependency in the Hospitalised Elderly

Loss of ability to feed independently and swallowing impairment are common problems in the elderly and will be an increasing cause of disability as...

Extensor Pollicis Longus Paralysis Following Thoracoscopic Sympathectomy

A 24-year-old man was referred for hyperhidrosis of more than 15 years duration. It affected both hands, feet and axilla. This article is available only...

Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Angiography in Patients with Hemifacial Spasm

Hemifacial spasm (HFS), characterized by intermittent twitching of muscles supplied by one facial nerve is commonly due to compression of the facial nerve by...

The Reliability and Validity of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) among the Elderly Chinese in Hong Kong

The Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS) is a 21-item scale designed to assess the severity of cognitive and non-cognitive impairment in patients with Alzheimer’s...

The Current State of Multiple Sclerosis Genetic Research

It was Charcot (1868) who first made the formal pathological correlation between lesions in the central nervous system (CNS) and a disorder termed, ‘la...

The Genetics of Human Epilepsies

Epilepsies are one of the most common neurological disorders, affecting about 3% of individuals at least once in a lifetime. It thus represents a...

Sleep/Wake Cycle and Circadian Disturbances in Shift Work: Strategies for Their Management—A Review

Humans have primarily been active/awake during the day and inactive/asleep at night. The discovery of artificial light and introduction of electric power generator have...

Incidence and risk factors of delirium in post-anaesthesia care unit

Post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) delirium is defined as a disorder in thought processes that affect cognition in terms of memory, comprehension and attention.1 It...

Listeria Meningoencephalitis: Two Cases and a Review of the Literature

The general experience of local physicians and available data suggest that listerial infections of the central nervous system (CNS) are uncommon among adults in...

Panhypopituitarism due to Pituitary Cyst of Rathke’s Cleft Origin—Two Case Reports

Rathke’s cleft cysts are non-neoplastic cystic epithelial lesions of the sellar and suprasellar region which are thought to originate from the remnants of Rathke’s...

Critical Role of Functional Decline in Delayed Discharge from an Acute Geriatric Unit

In the last decade, many countries have experienced alarming transformation in their demographic patterns, with the elderly population emerging as the fastest growing segment...

Book Review

The above is a textbook of medicine written by Singapore doctors and published in Singapore. It is difficult not to be over-enthusiastic about it...

Advances in Neurointensive Care

Neurointensive care has come into being in the past decade as a recognised subspecialty. Pioneering neurointensivists in the United States, such as Allan Ropper...

The Practice of Foregoing Life Support in the Critically Ill “Old Old”: A Singapore Perspective

Studies on the foregoing of life support (FLS) in North America, Europe and Australia have shown diversity in terms of the incidence, decision-making process...

The Eye in Neurology: Evaluation of Sudden Visual Loss and Diplopia—Diagnostic Pointers and Pitfalls

The first step in the evaluation of sudden visual loss is to determine if the visual loss is monocular or binocular. The first diagnostic...

Neuroprotection in Acute Stroke

The neuronal cells of the central nervous system are especially susceptible to various forms of insult such as trauma and ischaemia. Once the ischaemic...

Current and Emerging Treatments in Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson’s disease (PD) affects 1% of adults above the age of 65 years. It is characterised histologically by the loss of neurons in the...

Trinucleotide Repeat Analysis of Huntington’s Disease gene in Singapore

Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominantly inherited disease, affecting 1 in 10,000 individuals of European origin. The incidence in the Asian population is...

Aseptic Meningitis in Children—The Singapore Experience

Aseptic meningitis is a common diagnosis among infants admitted for fever without an obvious source. In cases where the aetiologic agent could be identified,...

Early Unplanned Readmission of Elderly in Singapore: A Retrospective Study

The number of elderly people in Singapore is expected to increase over the next 2 decades. The proportion of those 60 years and above...

Update in the Management of Stroke

Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death and a leading cause of morbidity in Singapore. The number of hospital admissions for cerebrovascular disorders...

Stroke Disease Management—A Framework for Comprehensive Stroke Care

Disease management (DM) is an approach to patient care that coordinates medical resources for patients across the entire healthcare delivery system. It requires a...

Variance Analysis Applied to a Stroke Pathway: How This Can Improve Efficiency of Healthcare Delivery

Stroke is the fourth principal cause of death in Singapore, and the leading cause of long-term disability amongst developed countries. Due to the spiralling...

Epidemiology of Beta-haemolytic Group G Streptococcal Bacteraemia in Singapore (1996 to 1998)

Human isolates of group G streptococci (GGS) that form large colonies are similar to group A streptococci (GAS) in terms of virulence and cause...

Nursing Home Falls: A Local Perspective

Falls in the elderly has been a well-studied subject and now occupies an important place in geriatric medicine. While many studies have been done...

The Development of Geriatric Psychiatry Services in Singapore

The population of Singapore is ageing. In 2002, it was estimated that there were 252,700 persons aged >65 years, forming 7.5% of the population....

Aged Care Issues and Services in Australia

In Australia, the number of elderly people is increasing rapidly. In 2001, the population of Australia was approximately 19 million people and about 12.6%...

Aged Care Services in Singapore – An Overview

The last century has witnessed the establishment of geriatric medicine as a well-recognised medical specialty supported by a respectable body of evidence, which shows...

Emergency Department Usage by Community Step-Down Facilities – Patterns and Recommendations

It is projected that elderly persons will make up 18.4% of Singapore’s population by the year 2030. Currently, there are 5189 residents staying in...

Critically Ill Elderly Who Require Mechanical Ventilation: The Effects of Age on Survival Outcomes and Resource Utilisation in the Medical Intensive Care Unit of a General Hospital

Increasing life expectancy and ageing of the “post-war baby boomer” generation have led to the rapidly ageing demographic of many Asian countries. Singapore’s elderly...

Seeing How We Think About Words Using BOLD Contrast fMR Imaging

Functional brain imaging refers to a set of non-invasive imaging techniques that are used to infer linkages between brain structure and function. In this...

Nipah Encephalitis Outbreak in Malaysia

From September 1998 to June 1999, there was an outbreak of viral encephalitis in several pig farming villages in Malaysia. The outbreak, which started...

MELAS: A Case Report

A 6-year-old Chinese boy presented at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery clinic with gingival bleeding due to poor oral hygiene, odontogenic pain due to...

Case Reports of Two Biopsy-proven Patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in Singapore

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is the commonest human transmissible subacute spongiform encephalopathy. It has a worldwide distribution with an estimated annual incidence of 0.5 to...

Axoglial Interaction via the Notch Receptor in Oligodendrocyte Differentiation

Oligodendrocytes (OLs) derived from the common neural progenitor cells in the central nervous system (CNS) ensheathe the nude axon to form the myelin that...

Hemifacial Spasm in Singapore: Clinical Characteristics and Patients’ Perceptions

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a movement disorder characterised by intermittent involuntary contractions of the facial muscles. It begins with contractions of the orbicularis oculi,...

Characteristics and Acute Rehabilitation of Guillain-Barré Syndrome in Singapore

The Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute, frequently severe evolution of a demyelinating inflammatory polyradiculopathy with an autoimmune pathogenesis. In developed countries, GBS is...

Clinical Indications for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scanning

The purpose of these guidelines is to provide a broad framework for clinicians considering the use of positron emission tomography (PET) scanning for their...

Positron Emission Tomography – A Vital Component of Molecular Imaging

Contemporary medical imaging is progressing towards quantification of tissue function in addition to merely providing anatomical information, as illustrated by the rising use of...

Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2 with Focal Epilepsy – An Unusual Association

The spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a rare group of neurodegenerative disorders that are clinically and genetically heterogeneous. Almost all SCAs are due to trinucleotide...

Polypharmacy and Inappropriate Medication Use in Singapore Nursing Homes

The elderly usually have multiple medical problems, requiring prescription drugs to treat diseases and to prevent complications arising from them. Currently, in the United...

Identification of a Common Genetic Risk Variant (LRRK2 Gly2385Arg) in Parkinson’s Disease

For diseases with complex inheritance, the age-old debate regarding the relative contribution of gene-environment interaction never fails to generate interest, discussion and hypothesis within...

Neural Progenitor and Stem Cells in the Adult Central Nervous System

Seminal studies in the 1960s, using -thymidine autoradiography, reported that neurogenesis occurs in discrete areas of the adult mammalian brain, in rodents. Studies in...

Concurrent Intermediate Uveitis and an Enhancing Intracranial Lesion as the Initial Manifestation of Sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis remains an enigmatic disease with protean manifestations. It is a multi-system disorder of unknown cause characterised by an accumulation of T-lymphocytes, mononuclear phagocytes...

Re-defining Neurological Syndromes: The Genotype Meets the Phenotype

Since time immemorial, generations of medical students and physicians have always been taught that a thorough and detailed history and examination is the foundation...

Ultrasound Assisted Thrombolysis in Acute Ischaemic Stroke: Preliminary Experience in Singapore

Most patients with acute ischaemic stroke have arterial thrombi that occlude extra- or intracranial vessels. Intravenously administered tissue plasminogen activator (IV-TPA) induces thrombolysis and...

Functional Neuroimaging of Sleep Deprived Healthy Volunteers and Persons with Sleep Disorders: A Brief Review

Most adults have experienced sleep deprivation at some stage of their lives, be it in the context of work, illness or play. Sleep deprivation...

Treatment of Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders with Light

In humans, the daily pattern of consolidated sleep and wake is strongly influenced by the timing of exposure to light and darkness. In the...

Basic Science Review on Circadian Rhythm Biology and Circadian Sleep Disorders

The sleep-wake cycle, with its characteristic intervals of activity alternating with restfulness that recur with a periodicity approximating the 24-hour day-night cycle, is the...

The Prevalence of Psychological and Psychiatric Sequelae of Cancer in the Elderly – How Much Do We Know?

Across the globe, there has been a rapid increase in the absolute and relative numbers of older persons. According to the 1993 World Bank...

Delayed and Extra-pontine Myelinolysis after Osmotic Dysregulation

A 58-year-old Chinese man was admitted because of increasing lethargy and confusion over 4 days. He had been taking hydrochlorthiazide for hypertension and regularly...

Limb-Shaking Transient Ischemic Attack with Distal Micro-Embolic Signals and Impaired Cerebrovascular Reactivity Using Transcranial Doppler

We present a patient with limb-shaking transient ischaemic attack (TIA) associated with extracranial carotid occlusion and suggest that the pathophysiological mechanism is hypoperfusion, as...

Neuropsychiatry – An Emerging Field

Neuropsychiatry can be described as the interface between neurology and psychiatry – the intersecting field of enquiry for both the brain and the mind....

Alzheimer’s Disease – Towards More Patient-centred and Meaningful Clinical Outcomes

More than 100 years ago Alois Alzheimer first presented the clinical and pathological features of an unusual brain disease at his seminal lecture in...

Sir Gordon Arthur Ransome (1910-1978) – His Teaching Style and His Legacy

Sir Gordon Arthur Ransome was born in Salop, England, in 1910.1 He came to Singapore in 1938, where he taught and practised medicine for...

Corticospinal Tract Degeneration in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Fibre Tractography Study

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterised by spinal and cortical motor neuron degeneration. Although electro myography, muscle biopsy and motor...

Biomarkers of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of age-related dementia in the modern society. Other than symptomatic treatment with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors at its...

Validation of Transcranial Doppler with CT Angiography in Cerebral Ischaemia: A Preliminary Pilot Study in Singapore

Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is routinely performed to assess the blood flow in patients with cerebral ischaemia and provides important real-time information about cerebral haemodynamics....

Superior Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis: Subtle Signs on Neuroimaging

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an infrequent but potentially deadly disease. The mortality rate of CVT is 10% to 20%, and surviving patients may...

Embryonic Stem Cells and Parkinson’s Disease: Cell Transplantation to Cell Therapy

Although levodopa is currently a well-endorsed form of treatment for Parkinson’s Disease (PD), the search for a safe, long-term and dyskinesia-free treatment remains an...

Bridging the Gap Between Primary and Specialist Care – An Integrative Model for Stroke

Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is Singapore’s fourth leading cause of death, comprising 9% of all deaths, a crude death rate of 40.4/100,000, an age- and...

Malignant Syndrome of Two Parkinson Patients due to Withdrawal of Drugs

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is characterised by the impairment of consciousness, high fever, rigidity and autonomic instability. Although originally described in patients taking neuroleptic...

Hip Fractures in the Elderly: The Impact of Comorbid Illnesses on Hospitalisation Costs

Management of hip fractures is costly and continues to generate significant costs throughout the one-year period after discharge.1 They demand considerable resources from a...

A Review of Geriatric Education in Singapore

The United Nations International Plan of Action on Ageing (IPA), formulated during the First World Assembly on Ageing in Vienna in 1982, listed gerontological...

Multimodal prehabilitation before major abdominal surgery: A retrospective study

Ageing is one of the biggest public health concerns of the 21st century, presenting a challenge to the practice of medicine globally. As the...

Multimodal Therapeutic Approach in Acute Ischaemic Stroke with Real-time Neurovascular Monitoring

Intravenously administered tissue plasminogen activator (IV-TPA) induces thrombolysis and remains the only FDA-approved therapy for acute ischaemic stroke (IS) within the therapeutic time-window according...

Profiling Acute Presenting Symptoms of Geriatric Patients Attending an Urban Hospital Emergency Department

Singapore’s population is ageing rapidly. Today 1 out of every 12 Singaporeans is aged 65 or above. In 2030, it is expected to be...

Chewing-induced Facial Dystonia

Dystonia is a movement disorder characterised by sustained muscle contractions, repetitive twisting movements, and abnormal postures of the trunk, neck, face, or arms and...

Timing of Arrival to a Tertiary Hospital after Acute Ischaemic Stroke – A Follow-up Survey 5 Years Later

Intravenous tPA is a proven treatment for acute ischaemic stroke. However as it has to be given in a narrow time window from symptom...

Alzheimer’s disease–The Inexorable Epidemic

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia which refers collectively to syndromes of progressive deterioration of memory along with other cognitive...

Unusual Cause for Unilateral Headache: A Quadrigeminal Cistern Arachnoid Cyst

Young adults are frequently presented with headaches due to various causes. Atypical facial pain, renamed as persistent idiopathic facial pain (PIFP) is a poorly...

Junior Doctors’ Attitudes Towards Older Adults and its Correlates in a Tertiary-care Public Hospital

Singapore is a rapidly ageing society. The proportion of older persons above the age of 65 was 6.8% of the population in 1995 and...

Genome-wide Association Studies: Promises and Pitfalls

Genetic testing is an important means to confirm the diagnosis of an inheritable disease. For this to be feasible, genes that are associated with...

Clinical Outcome Following Treatment of Stable and Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures with Dynamic Hip Screw

Intertrochanteric (IT) fracture is among the most common orthopedic injuries in the elderly population, and is associated with osteoporosis. It usually occurs as a...

Older Age at Initial Presentation to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Care and Treatment at the Communicable Disease Centre (CDC) in Singapore, 2006 to 2011

Since the first case of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Singapore was identified in 1985, the incidence of HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has steadily...

A Subacute Model of Geriatric Care for Frail Older Persons: The Tan Tock Seng Hospital Experience

The number of persons aged over 65 will increase from 8.4% in 2005 to 18.7% in 2030, which translates to absolute numbers of 296,900...

Can Preoperative Scoring Systems be Applied to Asian Hip Fracture Populations? Validation of the Nottingham Hip Fracture Score (NHFS) and Identification of Preoperative Risk Factors in Hip Fractures

Osteoporotic hip fractures are common and have significant consequences on mortality and functional capability which indirectly has familial, social and economic repercussions. The inpatient...

Anticoagulation Needs in Asians with Atrial Fibrillation: A Mythbuster

Atrial fibrillation (AF) increases the risk of stroke 5-fold in Caucasians. While the relative risk for stroke is somewhat lower in Asia, estimated at...

Epilepsy: Looking Beyond Seizures

World Epilepsy Day falls on 26 March 2013. As we observe this important date in Singapore, it is perhaps instructive to take a step...

Sleep, Public Health and Wellness: The Elephant in the Room

The rising cost of health care and the burden of chronic illness are perennial concerns. Remarkably, there exists a measure that around 30% of...

Changing Landscape of Nursing Homes in Singapore: Challenges in the 21st Century

Nursing homes trace their evolution to American alms-houses in the 1930s where retired nurses welcomed the elderly and ill into their homes. In Singapore,...

Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life Among Community Dwelling Elderly

Singapore is experiencing an unprecedented age shift as the post-war baby boomers turn 65 years in 2012. Currently there are 378,700 people aged 65...

Single-level Anterior Corpectomy with Fusion versus 2-level Anterior Cervical Decompression with Fusion: A Prospective Controlled Study with 2-year Follow-up Using Cages for Fusion

Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) are performed for decompression of the spine when the primary compressive...

Chorea precipitated by phototherapy as initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus

Dear Editor, Chorea is a well-recognised albeit rare neuropsychiatric manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We describe here a case of a 67-year-old woman presenting...

Prehabilitation and Its Role in Geriatric Surgery

The population in Singapore is ageing rapidly. According to statistics, by 2030, 1 in 2 adults in Singapore will be >65 years old. As...

Attendance for ischaemic stroke before and during COVID-19 lockdown in Singapore

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has impacted healthcare systems worldwide. Globally, visits to the emergency department have fallen as much as 25% during...

Congenital adhesion band causing recurrent subacute intestinal obstruction in a virgin abdomen

Intestinal obstruction (IO) caused by malignancy and adhesion bands from previous surgery is common among adults. However, IO caused by congenital adhesion bands (CAB)...

Rare homozygous PRKN exon 8 and 9 deletion in Malay familial early-onset Parkinson’s disease

Little is known about the genetics of Parkinson’s disease (PD) in Southeast Asian populations.1 We extended knowledge of the Southeast Asian monogenic PD landscape...

Estimating the impact of COVID-19-induced coagulopathy

The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has exerted significant strain on healthcare worldwide. Mostly asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic, COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 is...

Tackling osteoporosis and fragility fractures in Singapore

A shift in worldwide population ageing demographics has occurred in the 21st century. The longevity miracle is most keenly felt in Singapore, a young...

Nation-Wide Observational Study of Cardiac Arrests Occurring in Nursing Homes and Nursing Facilities in Singapore

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a significant public health problem in Singapore and from around the world. Between 2010–12, local OHCA patients with a...

Neuro-Behçet’s disease presenting as isolated intracranial hypertension

Behçet’s disease (BD) is a chronic multisystem inflammatory disease with a classic triad of painful oral ulcers, genital ulcers and uveitis. Neurological manifestations, though...

Cost of inpatient rehabilitation for children with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

The cost of rehabilitation for children post-traumatic brain injury (TBI) is significant. The annual total healthcare cost of TBI had been estimated to range...

Long-term outcomes of ischaemic stroke patients with diabetes in a multi-ethnic cohort in Singapore

Asia faces an epidemic of diabetes. The prevalence of diabetes in Asia is projected to grow from 114 million in 2007 to 180 million...

Recurrent vascular events in ischaemic stroke patients with diabetes

Stroke is a major cause of death and disability globally, with 6.55 million deaths (95% uncertainty interval 6.00–7.02 million), 101 million prevalent cases...

The Singapore Cerebral Palsy Registry: An important new resource for cerebral palsy research

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common, lifelong disorder of movement and posture resulting from an insult or maldevelopment of the developing brain. The movement...