Verrucous haemangioma is an uncommon congenital vascular malformation which may grow to large sizes. It has a characteristic hyperkeratotic and verrucous surface which resembles angiokeratoma circumscriptum. This article is available only as a PDF. Please click on “Download PDF” on top to view the full article.

Compound tibial fractures are high-energy traumatic injuries, which are frequently associated with high incidence of complications like infection and failure of bony union leading to amputation. The extent of injury is proportional to the magnitude of trauma. This article is available only as a PDF. Please click on “Download PDF”...

I have chosen as the title of my keynote address “New Treatment and Research Strategies for the Improvement of the Care of Cleft Lip and Palate Patients”. The reason for this is that despite the tremendous strides we have made over the past 50 years in the management of...

The aetiology of midfacial hypoplasia in patients with cleft lip and palate has been attributed in the literature to the surgical procedures used for the primary correction of these deformities. Ross reported that approximately 25% of patients developed maxillary hypoplasia that was refractory to orthodontic management alone. This article is...

The value of computed tomography (CT) in craniofacial trauma is now well established with progress in imaging modalities. Three-dimensional (3-D) CT has changed the way craniofacial surgery is planned and its valuable contributions and limitations have been studied. This article is available only as a PDF. Please click on “Download...

The concept of distraction osteogenesis was championed by Ilizarov, beginning as early as 1954, for the treatment of a variety of congenital and acquired deformities of enchondral bone. In 1973, Snyder and associates reported on gradual distraction of the mandible using an extraoral device in canines. This article is available...

Fractures involving the orbits are frequent among facial injuries, making up to nearly 40% of the total. Within the wide range of severity, the small group of complex fractures (20% of the total) is responsible for most of the sequelae. This article is available only as a PDF. Please click...

With the advent of regional trauma centres and rapid air transport systems, a larger number of patients with extremely complex craniomaxillofacial trauma are now being seen. The problem of high-velocity facial injuries with multiple facial fractures concerns the severity of the bony injury. This article is available only as a...

The Furlow double opposing Z-plasty has gained considerable popularity since its introduction approximately a decade ago, and is currently a favoured method of both primary and secondary palatoplasty in many centres. Several theoretical advantages make this technique of cleft palate repair attractive. This article is available only as a PDF....

With the control of most infectious diseases and malnutrition, congenital malformations are now one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality among infants in Singapore. Children born with cleft deformities require specialised multidisciplinary care from infancy till adulthood. This article is available only as a PDF. Please click...

The mandible occupies a unique position in the facial skeleton, being both the aesthetic and functional foundation of the lower third of the face. Its prominence makes it particularly susceptible to trauma, and it is one of the most commonly fractured facial bones. This article is available only as a...

The understanding of blood supply is the cornerstone of successful tissue transfer in reconstructive surgery. This understanding has been derived largely from cadaveric dissections, combined with injections to outline the blood supply. This article is available only as a PDF. Please click on “Download PDF” on top to view the...

Allogeneic tissue and organ transplantation has long been an important medical issue, as it provides an effective treatment alternative for a broad spectrum of medical problems. It is essential to establish the animal models used for a specific type of allogeneic tissue or organ transplantation prior to its clinical...

Large benign tumours of the breast cause gross enlargement with compression of normal breast tissue. Following removal of the tumour, the affected side has a large redundant skin envelope and the breast volume may be reduced or distorted compared with the normal side. This article is available only as a...

I would like to express my gratitude to the Chapter of Surgeons and the Academy of Medicine, Singapore for the honour of presenting this 5th Yahya Cohen Lecture. This article is available only as a PDF. Please click on “Download PDF” on top to view the full article.

Flap prefabrication is one of the most exciting areas in Plastic Surgery because of its bridging role between conventional reconstructive surgery and tissue engineering. Using this technique, tissues such as bone, cartilage, skin and muscle can be pre-assembled to form precise composites that will fit any defect. This article is...

We report a rare case of multi-focal ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast associated with Poland syndrome. A skin-sparing mastectomy of the left breast with immediate reconstruction using ipsilateral deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap was performed. This article is available only as a PDF. Please click on...

Benign lesions of the parotid gland constitute about 80% of parotid tumours. They include various lesions (Table 1), the commonest being pleomorphic adenoma, followed by adenolymphoma. This article is available only as a PDF. Please click on “Download PDF” on top to view the full article.

Vascular anomalies of the head and neck can be categorised as either haemangiomas or vascular malformations. This article is available only as a PDF. Please click on “Download PDF” on top to view the full article.

Breast reconstruction is an integral part of breast cancer management. One of the aims of breast reconstruction is the creation of a new breast that is aesthetically appealing and symmetrical to the opposite breast. This article is available only as a PDF. Please click on “Download PDF” on top to...

The process of delivery of health care is complex and includes aspects which concern the clinician, the patient and the treatment process itself. Training imparts skill and knowledge to the clinician. This article is available only as a PDF. Please click on “Download PDF” on top to view the full...