Letter to the Editor
Sublingual ondansetron for treatment of acute gastroenteritis in children in the children’s emergency
Dear Editor,Acute gastroenteritis (GE) is a leading cause of death globally in children aged below 5 years and the third most common indication for...
Letter to the Editor
Rash characteristics of paediatric patients with COVID-19 in Singapore
Dear Editor,Children with COVID-19 infection can present with a variable spectrum of clinical manifestations, and sometimes mucocutaneous manifestations can be the only manifestation of...
Letter to the Editor
The role of PIVKA-II in hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance in an Asian population
Dear Editor,Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the most established biomarker for surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in at-risk individuals. However, its sensitivity and specificity are...
Letter to the Editor
Rapid exome sequencing to aid diagnostics in genetic disorders: Implementation and challenges in the Singapore context
Dear Editor,There is a high burden of genetic disorders in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), ranging from 45–56%,1,2 and delayed definitive...
Letter to the Editor
Implementation of an AI model to triage paediatric brain magnetic resonance imaging orders
Dear Editor,Artificial intelligence (AI) is viewed as the most important recent advancement in radiology with the potential to achieve Singapore’s objective of delivering value-based...
Letter to the Editor
Early rehabilitation to improve functional outcomes in childhood cancer in Singapore
Dear Editor,We conducted a prospective, single-centre cohort study to review the impact of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme in children with cancer in Singapore....
Original Article
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in Singapore
While children infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) resulting in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have milder manifestations compared to adults,1,2 a...
Editorial
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: A unique manifestation of COVID-19
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, children have been relatively spared from the severe symptomatic infection affecting adults, particularly the elderly and those...
Letter to the Editor
Child passenger safety training for healthcare professionals in Singapore
Dear Editor,Road traffic injuries are a preventable cause of childhood morbidity and mortality.1,2 Use of age-appropriate child car seats (CCS) lowers the risk...
Letter to the Editor
Clinical characteristics of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections among hospitalised children in Singapore
Dear Editor,Mycoplasma pneumoniae has become the leading cause of paediatric community-acquired pneumonia in countries where pneumococcal vaccination is included in the national immunisation programme,...
Letter to the Editor
Childhood interstitial lung disease: The end of a diagnostic odyssey
Dear Editor,Childhood interstitial lung disease is a heterogeneous group of rare disorders featuring pulmonary interstitial remodelling and diffuse parenchymal infiltrates on imaging.1 Incidence...
Original Article
Validation and comparison of the PECARN rule, Step-by-Step approach and Lab-score for predicting serious and invasive bacterial infections in young febrile infants
The diagnostic approach and management of febrile infants <90 days of age remain a challenge, given that the majority of these infants have no...
Letter to the Editor
High burden of respiratory viral infection-associated mortality among critically ill children
Dear Editor,Acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) are a leading cause of under-5 mortality globally—two-thirds could be attributable to respiratory viral infections (RVIs).1,2 The burden...
Original Article
Non-motorised active mobility device use by children in Singapore: Injury patterns and risk factors for severe injury
The Active Mobility Act was introduced in Singapore in 2017 to promote the safe use of personal mobility devices. Non-motorised active mobility devices (AMDs)...
Editorial
Different strokes for different folks
Atrial fibrillation (AF) remains the most common arrhythmia since William Harvey’s observation of fibrillating auricles in open chest animal models in 1628. Willem Einthoven...
Letter to the Editor
Screening for somatisation in an Asian children’s hospital emergency setting
Dear Editor,In recent years, self-harm is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adolescents in Singapore.1,2 This is just the tip of the...
Review Article
Barriers to breast cancer screening in Singapore: A literature review
Breast cancer is a major public health concern and a leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide, including Singapore.1 According to the 2018...
Original Article
Interaction of sex and diabetes in Asian patients with heart failure with mildly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common comorbidity worldwide with global prevalence among adults above 18 years of age increasing from 4.7% in 1980 to...
Letter to the Editor
Response to letters arising from publication of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore clinical guideline on the use of sedation by non-anaesthesiologists during gastrointestinal endoscopy in the hospital setting
Dear Editor,The Academy of Medicine, Singapore (AMS) guideline on the use of sedation by non-anaesthesiologists during gastrointestinal endoscopy in the hospital setting and an...
Letter to the Editor
Sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy in Singapore
Dear Editor,I refer to the editorial “Ensuring safe sedation during gastroendoscopy”1 and the original article “Academy of Medicine, Singapore clinical guideline on the use...
Letter to the Editor
Non-anaesthesiologists administering propofol in the Singapore context
Dear Editor,Propofol is a potent intravenous sedative-hypnotic agent. Its popularity for sedation has increased in the last 3 decades because of its smooth, rapid...
Letter to the Editor
Sedation by non-anaesthesiologists in gastrointestinal endoscopy
Dear Editor,We read with interest the paper by Ang et al.1 on Singapore guidelines in the use of sedation by non-anaesthesiologists during gastrointestinal endoscopy...
Commentary
Congenital cytomegalovirus infection: Advocating for screening and education
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the leading non-genetic cause of congenital neurosensory hearing loss in children, accounting for 21% of cases of hearing loss at...
Original Article
Epidemiological trends and outcomes of children with aural foreign bodies in Singapore
Aural foreign bodies (FBs) commonly present to the emergency department (ED) worldwide. Children represent the majority of the population, believed to be due to...
Review Article
Consensus statement on Singapore integrated 24-hour activity guide for children and adolescents
The World Health Organization’s Global action plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases 2013–2020 provided guiding principles for national efforts in controlling...
Original Article
Prevalence, risk factors and parental perceptions of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Asian infants in Singapore
Functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, such as colic, gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and constipation, are common in infants under 1 year. They are a frequent cause...
Review Article
Use of Atypical Neuroleptics in a State Mental Institute
Schizophrenia is the most severe of all mental disorders and affects about 1% of the population. The main disturbances of schizophrenia comprise positive symptoms,...
Original Article
Are Antacids Necessary as Routine Prescriptives with Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs?
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used for their analgesic or anti-inflammatory properties in musculoskeletal pain. However, they are not without adverse effects, such...
Others
9th Seah Cheng Siang Memorial Lecture: Gastric Cancer—Where are we now?
The last two decades have witnessed dramatic changes in the understanding of gastric cancer: a rapid decline in global incidence, its association with Helicobacter...
Review Article
Diagnosing and Managing Faecal Incontinence
Faecal incontinence is the inability to control the passage of gas, liquid or solid through the anus. Its severity varies from infrequent passage of...
Original Article
Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography: Value of Using the Half-Fourier Acquisition Single-Shot Turbo Spin-Echo (HASTE) Sequence
Direct cholangiopancreatography has long been considered the standard of reference for assessment of the biliary tree and is generally safe, reliable and widely available....
Original Article
Bidirectional Cavopulmonary Anastomosis
Children with complex congenital heart disease and a functional single ventricle may not be ideal candidates for a Fontan procedure. A staged approach to...
Original Article
Standard Oesophageal Manometry in Healthy Adults in Singapore
Although standard oesophageal manometry has been widely used in the West for many years, normal manometric values that have been well described for healthy...
Review Article
Gut Barrier Dysfunction in Experimental Acute Pancreatitis
Bacterial infections are devastating and potentially lethal complications of acute pancreatitis, responsible for up to 80% of deaths in the condition. Pathogenetic studies of...
Review Article
Experimental Models of Pancreatitis
From a historical perspective, the first experimental pancreatitis was induced by Claude Bernard in 1856 by the injection of bile and olive oil into...
Review Article
Experimental Models of Hepatic Fibrosis in the Rat
Hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver are complex diseases which, in man, may be caused by such varied factors as alcohol, hepatitis, schistosomiasis,...
Review Article
Development of the Human Intrahepatic Biliary System
The development of the human biliary system has been studied extensively. This knowledge is essential to the understanding of the pathogenesis of a spectrum...
Original Article
Experimental Study of Hypovolaemic Shock-Induced Gastric Mucosal Lesions in the Rat
Hypoxic tissue injury is not only caused by lack of oxygen as was previously believed. Now it is clear that tissue injury associated with...
Original Article
The Role of Mast Cell Degranulation in Ischaemia-reperfusion-induced Mucosal Injury in the Small Intestine
Although a number of data support the notion that mast cell (MC) degranulation Is an important component of the tissue response elicited by ischaemia-reperfusion,...
Original Article
Direct Mucosal Targeting of Colonic Receptors by Prokinetic Drugs in an Experimental Model
The direct intraluminal (IL) administration of drugs into the intestine may have an important regional action and therefore clinical implications in the effective management...
Original Article
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCAs) in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Show No Correlation with Proteinase 3, Lactoferrin, Myeloperoxidase, Elastase, Cathepsin G and Lysozyme: A Singapore Study
The diagnostic tests currently employed to diagnose inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and to differentiate between Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are both...
Others
Pseudomembranous Colitis in a Patient Treated with Paclitaxel for Carcinoma of the Breast: A Case Report
Paclitaxel was discovered in 1963 as a crude extract from the bark of the pacific yew Taxus brevifolia. Since its development, a range of...
Others
Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma Presenting with Biliary Ductal Invasion—A Case Report
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumour worldwide. The local incidence of HCC is 40 per 100,000 in males and 20 per 100,000...
Original Article
Survival of Colorectal Cancer Patients in Singapore by Anatomic Subsite: A Population-based Study
Colorectal cancer incidence rates rank second in most developed countries and have been rising rapidly in urban societies of East Asia. Despite much effort...
Letter to the Editor
Paediatric living-donor liver and kidney transplantation during COVID-19
Dear Editor,The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted global healthcare including paediatric solid organ transplantation (SOT). We report our experience of resuming paediatric...
Letter to the Editor
The evolution of severity of paediatric COVID-19 in Singapore: Vertical transmission and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
Dear Editor,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) arrived in Singapore in January 2020 as imported cases, followed by local transmission predominantly involving dormitories, with later spread...
Letter to the Editor
Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis for recurrent infective flares in children and adolescents with atopic dermatitis
Dear Editor,Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, affecting approximately 20% of children in Singapore.1 It is associated with skin barrier defects2...
Others
Shigella Septicaemia in Adults: Report of Two Cases and Mini-Review
Shigellosis is generally considered to be confined to the gastrointestinal tract. Septicaemic infections with Shigella species are extremely rare in adults.This article is available...
Original Article
Psychiatric Illness, Personality Traits and the Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder seen by gastroenterologists and has been found to account for 50% of referrals...
Others
Clinical Update on Helicobacter pylori
Helicobacter pylori is one of the commonest infections in human, affecting 30% to 50% of people worldwide. It is associated with the development of...
Original Article
Perioperative Treatment with Bactericidal/Permeability-Increasing Protein (rBPI21) in Major Liver Surgery: A Concise Summary
Primary and secondary hepatic malignancies constitute a major health problem. Hepatocellular carcinoma accounts for 90% of all primary hepatic malignancies in the world. While...
Others
Book Review
The third edition of this manual of gastroenterology by regional experts from Malaysia and Singapore consists of 27 short chapters packaged in 2 sections...
Original Article
The Views of Mental Health Professionals Towards Psychotherapy—A Singapore Survey
There is a trend in Asia towards a greater application of psychotherapeutic approaches in multidisciplinary settings to emotional and behavioural disturbances. The inaugural issue...
Original Article
Aseptic Meningitis in Children—The Singapore Experience
Aseptic meningitis is a common diagnosis among infants admitted for fever without an obvious source. In cases where the aetiologic agent could be identified,...
Review Article
Current Status in the Surgical Management of Adult Polycystic Liver Disease
Adult polycystic liver disease (APLD) is a rare benign condition that is characterised by the growth of multiple cystic lesions in the liver. More...
Others
Boerhaave’s Syndrome Presenting as a Right-sided Pleural Effusion
A 79-year-old Chinese woman with no significant past medical history was admitted to another hospital with symptoms of abdominal pain and haemetemesis of approximately...
Others
Modern Management of Colorectal Polyps: Are They All Premalignant?
Polyps of the colon and rectum are relatively common lesions. Most colorectal polyps are either adenomas or hyperplastic polyps.This article is available only as...
Others
Autoimmune Liver Disease in Children
Autoimmune liver disorders are inflammatory liver diseases characterised histologically by a dense mononuclear cell infiltrate, including plasma cells, in the portal tract (Fig. 1)...
Review Article
Academy of Medicine, Singapore clinical guideline on the use of sedation by non-anaesthesiologists during gastrointestinal endoscopy in the hospital setting
The practice of gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy over the last 3 decades has seen both a rise in volume of routine procedures, and an increase...
Original Article
The impact of deprescribing interventions on oral proton pump inhibitor utilisation in a Singapore tertiary hospital: A quality improvement initiative
The established efficacy of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in the treatment of upper gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, coupled with their perceived safety, have led to...
Editorial
Ensuring safe sedation during gastroendoscopy
Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy started in Singapore in 1968 with diagnostic endoscopic gastric examination, using flexible fibre-optics GI endoscopy. Fibre-optic flexible sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy were...
Others
Inflammatory Fibroid Polyp of the Caecum in a Patient with Neurofibromatosis
Inflammatory fibroid polyp is an uncommon nonneoplastic lesion found in the gastrointestinal tract. It is a benign, non-encapsulated submucosal lesion, composed mainly of loose...
Original Article
Clinico-pathological Analysis of Myelodysplastic Syndromes According to French-American-British Classification and International Prognostic Scoring System
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of acquired clonal haemopoietic stem cell disorders characterised by ineffective haematopoiesis and peripheral cytopenia. The natural history...
Original Article
Appropriateness of the Use of Parenteral Nutrition in a Local Tertiary-Care Hospital
Parenteral nutrition (PN) is an important supportive and often life-saving therapy for patients with gut failure. However, it is expensive and carries significant complications...
Others
A Bolt Out of the Blue: A Case of Unexpected Acute Liver Failure
Acute hepatitis could result from viral, autoimmune or drug-reaction causes, among others. In areas endemic with hepatitis B, acute exacerbations of chronic hepatitis B...
Review Article
Does the Advent of Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) Sound the Death Knell for Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)?
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been the primary method of diagnosing and treating many pancreatic and biliary diseases (PBD) over the last 3 decades....
Others
Financing Newborn Screening Systems: US Experience
This article is available only as a PDF. Please click on “Download PDF” on top to view the full article.
Others
Considerations in Choosing Screening Conditions: One (US) Approach
This article is available only as a PDF. Please click on “Download PDF” on top to view the full article.
Original Article
Hepatitis B Virus Infection and the Risk of Coronary Atherosclerosis
Coronary artery disease (CAD), also called coronary heart disease, is the leading cause of death for both men and women. CAD is usually caused...
Letter to the Editor
Ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella spp. in Singapore
The utility of ceftriaxone for the treatment of Salmonella typhi bacteraemia was first demonstrated in Singapore as early as 1985. Since then, ceftriaxone has...
Original Article
Ten-year Series of Splenic Abscesses in a General Hospital in Singapore
Splenic abscess is an uncommon clinical problem. Fewer than 800 cases have been reported in the literature.This article is available only as a PDF....
Review Article
Diagnosis and Evaluation of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Children
Children with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) may present with nocturnal and/or diurnal symptoms. The history is best obtained from parents, or siblings who share...
Original Article
Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy followed by Surgery in Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oesophagus: A Single Centre Experience
Carcinoma of the oesophagus is a relatively uncommon malignancy in Singapore and incidence rates have been declining since 1968. A total of 506 cases...
Others
Clinical Characteristics of Renal Infarction in an Asian Population
Renal infarction is a rare disease. Domanovits et al reported an incidence rate of 0.007% (17/248,842) during a study period of 45 months.This article...
Original Article
Review of the Management Outcome of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis and the Role of Prophylactic Contra-lateral Pinning Re-examined
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis is the commonest hip problem in the adolescent age group. The goals of treatment are aimed at avoiding the complications...
Original Article
Charity Colonoscopy Event to Commemorate the 185th Anniversary of Singapore General Hospital
Colorectal cancer is now the cancer with the highest incidence in Singapore. Similar to many developed countries, individuals here have a moderate to high...
Original Article
Application of the McDonald MRI Criteria in Multiple Sclerosis
Since its advent in 1982, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an important component in the evaluation of multiple sclerosis (MS). MRI is a...
Original Article
Extracranial Non-vestibular Head and Neck Schwannomas: A Ten-year Experience
Schwannomas, also known as neurilemmomas, neuromas, or neurinomas, are uncommon nerve sheath neoplasms that may originate from any peripheral, cranial or autonomic nerve of...
Review Article
Hypoxic-ischaemic Brain Injury in Young Infants
In young infants, different types of hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury can occur.1-6 Brain injury can be localised or diffused.2-6 In localised brain injury, arterial or...
Original Article
Acceptability of Medical Students by Patients from Private and Public Family Practices and Specialist Outpatient Clinics
In recent decades, medical advances and economic pressures have shifted medical student training from hospital inpatient to ambulatory settings such as hospital outpatient and...
Clinical Update
Guidelines for Endoscopic Ultrasonography
This guideline addresses the use of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) as part of the diagnostic evaluation of certain conditions. In addition, issues of training and...
Images in Medicine
Diagnostic Challenge: A 79-Year-Old Woman with Calcified Lower Abdomen Mass
A 79-year-old woman presented with fever, diarrhoea, vomiting and abdominal pain for several hours. Her temperature was 39.2°C, pulse 102 beats/minute, respiratory rate 19...
Original Article
Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration: Our First 50 Cases
Since its introduction a few decades ago, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has brought about a significant change in the management of choledocholithiasis. With continual...
Original Article
Socio-demographic Profile and Psychiatric Comorbidity of Subjects with Pathological Gambling
Gambling has been defined as a wager of any type of item or possession of value upon a game or event of uncertain outcome...
Original Article
Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome: Data from the Singapore Polyposis Registry and a Shifting Paradigm in Management
Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome (PJS) is an uncommon autosomal dominant hamartomatous polyposis syndrome associated with mucocutaneous melanocytic macules. Melanin deposition occurs most commonly in the perioral...
Original Article
Thrombocytopenia and its Related Factors: A Hospital-based, Cross-sectional Study
Thrombocytopenia is a common clinical problem found in laboratory results during health examinations. Blood platelets play an essential role in haemostasis, thrombosis and coagulation...
Original Article
Normative Data for Quantitative Calcaneal Ultrasound in Asian Children
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is currently the gold standard for the assessment of bone mineral density (BMD). It is the commonest tool used...
Original Article
Supplementary Breast Ultrasound Screening in Asian Women with Negative But Dense Mammograms—A Pilot Study
Mammogram has been the gold standard for breast cancer screening and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been advocated for screening of high- risk individuals....
Original Article
Male Breast Cancer in Singapore: 15 Years of Experience at a Single Tertiary Institution
Male breast cancer is a rare disease entity, traditionally said to represent <1% of all diagnosed breast cancers. Recent statistics, however, suggest that its...
Original Article
Neonatal Outcome of the Late Preterm Infant (34 to 36 Weeks): The Singapore Story
Neonatologists were caught looking the other way in the early part of the millennium. While they were keenly following the progress of extreme preterms...
Original Article
Fasting during Ramadan and Associated Changes in Glycaemia, Caloric Intake and Body Composition with Gender Differences in Singapore
Muslim individuals worldwide participate in obligatory abstinence from oral consumption of medications, food and liquid during the fasting month of Ramadan. Fasting during Ramadan...
Letter to the Editor
Severe Vitamin B12 Deficiency in a 7-Month-Old Boy
Infantile vitamin B12 deficiency often affects children born to mothers whose nutritional intake is inadequate. We describe a 7-month-old boy with a 2-month history...
Original Article
Assessment of Age in Ulcerative Colitis Patients with Ileal Pouch Creation—An Evaluation of Outcomes
A total proctocolectomy is considered the standard of care in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). The indications for this operation in patients with UC...
Original Article
Risk Factors for Severe Adenovirus Infection in Children during an Outbreak in Singapore
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are well known pathogens that cause a variety of human illnesses. They are non-enveloped, linear double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) viruses. More...
Letter to the Editor
Treatment of Ewing sarcoma in children: Results from a single centre
Dear Editor,Ewing sarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal tumour that presents as a bone or soft-tissue sarcoma. Translocations involving the EWS gene on chromosome 22q12...
Original Article
Immunomodulator use in paediatric severe sepsis and septic shock
Paediatric sepsis is one of the main causes of childhood mortality.1 Globally, paediatric severe sepsis and septic shock accounts for 6.2% to 23.1% of...
Images in Medicine
A rare case of thigh asymmetry in an infant
A 6-month-old baby boy presented with asymmetry of thighs since birth. On clinical examination, anteromedial aspect of the left thigh was bulky with pale...
Letter to the Editor
Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in Malaysian infants
Vitamin D deficiency, a worldwide health problem, is also prevalent in tropical countries. It is estimated that 15% of the world’s population are either...
Letter to the Editor
Impact of true fetal mosaicism on prenatal screening and diagnosis
Over the past decade, the non-invasive prenatal test (NIPT) has increasingly been used as a method for prenatal screening for trisomy 21 (T21) and...
Original Article
A review of child sexual abuse cases presenting to a paediatric emergency department
Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a global public health issue with adverse short- and long-term repercussions. Formal definitions of CSA and the age for...
Original Article
Prevalence of thyroid malignancy and hormonal dysfunction following radiation exposure in childhood
The incidence of thyroid cancer has been steadily increasing worldwide. Childhood radiation exposure is a known risk factor for thyroid malignancy. However, data on...
Letter to the Editor
Congenital adhesion band causing recurrent subacute intestinal obstruction in a virgin abdomen
Intestinal obstruction (IO) caused by malignancy and adhesion bands from previous surgery is common among adults. However, IO caused by congenital adhesion bands (CAB)...
Original Article
Accuracy of self-reported height, weight and BMI in a multiethnic Asian population
Overweight and obesity continue to be one of the most critical public health issues worldwide. Body mass index (BMI) derived from height and weight...
Letter to the Editor
Carbamazepine-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis in a patient despite testing negative for HLA B*15:02 allele
Carbamazepine (CBZ) has been used in Singapore since 19881 as an effective drug for the treatment of conditions such as epilepsy, neuropathy, neuralgia and...
Review Article
Endovenous cyanoacrylate ablation for chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins among Asians
In the past 2 decades, the management of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) has been revolutionised by the introduction of minimally invasive endovenous techniques, which...
Original Article
Assessing the Content Validity of the EQ-5D Questionnaire Among Asians in Singapore: A Qualitative Study
EQ-5D is a tool to measure and value health status. It is a standardised questionnaire that comprises 2 components: a Descriptive System (DS) on...
Commentary
Autism Spectrum Disorder and COVID-19: Helping Caregivers Navigate the Pandemic
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted societies globally. As of 11 May 2020, 53 children have been infected with COVID-19 in Singapore...
Original Article
Comparative Analysis of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children
Singapore confirmed its first case of COVID-19 on 23 January 2020 in a Chinese national from Wuhan, and its first paediatric case on February...
Letter to the Editor
Importance of antenatal blood group typing and antibody screening in non-ABO/Rh haemolytic disease of the newborn
Haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) is a severe, potentially fatal alloimmune condition where maternal antibodies are produced, transported across the placenta...
Original Article
Cost of inpatient rehabilitation for children with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury
The cost of rehabilitation for children post-traumatic brain injury (TBI) is significant. The annual total healthcare cost of TBI had been estimated to range...
Original Article
Long-term outcomes of ischaemic stroke patients with diabetes in a multi-ethnic cohort in Singapore
Asia faces an epidemic of diabetes. The prevalence of diabetes in Asia is projected to grow from 114 million in 2007 to 180 million...
Letter to the Editor
Decrease in emergency department attendances during COVID-19 especially in school-going children
Health-seeking behaviour varies during a pandemic. Early reports have suggested reduced attendances at emergency departments (EDs), especially in paediatric patients and in patients with...
Letter to the Editor
Alternating hemiplegia of childhood presenting as recurrent apnoea in a term newborn infant
Recurrent apnoea in a term infant is usually pathologic, warranting a thorough aetiologic evaluation. An accurate diagnosis is essential in guiding subsequent management and...
Original Article
Paediatric emergency department attendances during COVID-19 and SARS in Singapore
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020, with over 110 million cumulative cases...
Original Article
Epidemiology and risk stratification of minor head injuries in school-going children
Head injuries are common childhood injuries that present to paediatric emergency departments. Falls are the most common cause in young children, while contact sports...
Original Article
Causes, functional outcomes and healthcare utilisation of people with cerebral palsy in Singapore
Cerebral palsy (CP) describes a group of permanent, but often changing, disorders that affect movement and posture, causing activity limitation, attributed to nonprogressive disturbances...
Editorial
The Singapore Cerebral Palsy Registry: An important new resource for cerebral palsy research
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common, lifelong disorder of movement and posture resulting from an insult or maldevelopment of the developing brain. The movement...
Original Article
Epidemiology and Control of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in Singapore, 2001-2007
Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common childhood viral infection, which is typically mild and self-limiting. It is characterised by a brief...