The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among Singapore residents aged 18 to 74 years rose significantly from 8.8% in 2019–2020 to 13.8% in 2021–2022.1,2 Singapore ranks third globally for treated end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), with a median survival of 6 years post-dialysis.3 Diabetic nephropathy was the leading cause...

Singapore has the third highest incidence and sixth highest prevalence of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in the world.1 Globally, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is estimated to affect over 850 million people, with a prevalence of 13.4% among adults worldwide.2 Diabetes is the main cause of ESKD in new patients...

Dear Editor, The optimal management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires lifestyle changes and adherence to long-term medications. Knowledge is a component of health literacy and is needed for self-management. Limited health literacy can lead to negative outcomes, such as adverse clinical events and mortality.1 Using technology to improve patients’ knowledge...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major global health problem, contributing to significant clinical disease burden, healthcare expenditure and societal costs.1 In Singapore, DM accounts for 2.9% of disability-adjusted life years and 4.3% of years lived with disability.2,3 By 2030, it is projected to cost approximately USD 1.89 billion in...

Dear Editor, Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) are at increased risk of adverse outcomes following COVID-19 infection. Their vulnerability stems from multiple factors including kidney failure, comorbid illnesses, close contact in the haemodialysis centre, and transplant immunosuppression. European registry data in the pre-vaccination era report a COVID-19 mortality rate...

There has been a change in patients’ attitudes towards healthcare professionals in recent decades, coupled with an increasingly evident shift in the care paradigm. In 2015, the World Health Organization released a framework of care that recommends healthcare professionals consciously consider the perspectives of individuals, carers, families and communities....

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasingly pressing global health issue due to its strong link to serious complications such as end stage renal disease (ESRD), cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality.1 Over the last few decades, its impact has become more severe, moving from 27th to 18th on the...

“The young physician starts life with 20 drugs for each disease, and the old physician ends life with one drug for 20 diseases.” — William Osler Hypertension is both a cause and consequence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). As such, the prevalence of hypertension is high among CKD patients and...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a clinical condition comprising persistent changes in kidney function or structure, or both. It is characterised by irreversible and progressive evolution, increasing the risk of complications and mortality. As the 16th leading cause of mortality worldwide, CKD affects 8–16% of the global population.1,2 Clinically,...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects 21.6% of critically ill adult patients,1 with 5–7% requiring kidney replacement therapy (KRT).2 AKI carries significant prognostic and socioeconomic implications—chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression over 1 year has been described in 21%, 30%, and 79% of initial survivors with septic AKI reversal, recovery and...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem with an estimated prevalence of 13.4%.1 One of the key drivers of the global increase in CKD is the rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM).1 CKD affects about 25–40% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).2 A few...

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a well-established long-term dialysis modality for patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).1 It is recommended that a PD catheter should be placed at least 2 weeks prior to the anticipated need of long-term PD treatment for a planned-start PD.2 Despite wide-spread promotion of planned-start dialysis for...

In-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is shown to have lower survival1 and a higher proportion of survivors on maintenance haemodialysis were discharged to skilled nursing facilities.2 Despite that, haemodialysis patients still preferred CPR during cardiac arrest3 and there are lower do-not-resuscitate orders for the...

End-stage renal failure (ESRF) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, including Asia.1 In Singapore, incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5 has increased from 383.9 per million population (PMP) in 2010 to 414.8 PMP in 2015. Incidence of patients requiring dialysis has increased in tandem....