Letter to the Editor
Attitude towards screening for congenital cytomegalovirus infection in newborns in Singapore
Dear Editor,
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most common congenital infection.1 A systematic review that included 77 studies from 36 countries reported that the overall...
Original Article
Identifying high-risk hospitalised chronic kidney disease patient using electronic health records for serious illness conversation
In-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is shown to have lower survival1 and a higher proportion of survivors on maintenance...
Original Article
Glaucoma Pattern Amongst the Elderly Chinese in Singapore
Glaucoma is a major cause of world blindness in developing and developed nations. The WHO Global data on blindness show that over half of...
Review Article
Adenocarcinoma of the Cervix
It is clear from studies in Canada, Scandinavia, and more recently the United Kingdom, that routine Pap smear screening has not only reduced the...
Original Article
Population-based Mammographic Screening in Singapore: What are Participants’ Views?
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Singapore and has been increasing in incidence since 1968. This rise is particularly marked...
Original Article
Use of Ligase Chain Reaction and Polymerase Chain Reaction on Urine Specimens to Detect Chlamydia trachomatis Infections in a Sexually Transmitted Diseases Clinic in Singapore
Infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis are amongst the most common bacterial sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the world, causing substantial morbidity in young sexually-active...
Original Article
Spectrum of Abnormal Mammographic Findings and Their Predictive Value for Malignancy in Singaporean Women from a Population Screening Trial
While screening mammography can detect early breast cancers, a significant proportion of asymptomatic women are subject to unnecessary workup and surgery when biopsies for...
Others
Isolated Non-compaction of Ventricular Myocardium: A Report of Three Cases
Non-compaction of ventricular myocardium is a rare morphogenic arrest of compaction of the ventricular myocardial fibres during intrauterine life. Usually, the left ventricle is...
Review Article
Current Understanding of Pre-eclampsia
Pre-eclampsia is a major cause of adverse obstetric outcome. It remains one of the leading causes of maternal mortality1 and continues to contribute significantly...
Review Article
Osteoporosis Risk Factor Assessment and Bone Densitometry—Current Status and Future Trends
Osteoporosis affects predominantly elderly women; although younger women and men may also be affected. Demographically, the number and proportion of the elderly (aged 65...
Original Article
Diabetic Retinopathy in Type II Diabetics Detected by Targeted Screening Versus Newly Diagnosed in General Practice
The epidemic of type II diabetes mellitus is now recognised worldwide. In India, it has been estimated that the population with type II diabetes...
Others
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: Universal or Selective Ultrasound Screening?
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Others
Financing Newborn Screening Systems: US Experience
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Others
Legal Issues in Neonatal Screening
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Others
Neuroblastoma Screening in Japan: Population-based Cohort Study and Future Aspects of Screening
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Others
Establishing a Universal Newborn Hearing Screening Programme
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Others
Impact of the National Hearing Screening Programme in China
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Others
Neuro-developmental Deficits in Early-treated Congenital Hypothyroidism
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Others
Considerations in Choosing Screening Conditions: One (US) Approach
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Others
Towards Universal Newborn Screening in Developing Countries: Obstacles and the Way Forward
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Original Article
Diabetic Retinopathy in Diabetics Referred to a Tertiary Centre from a Nationwide Screening Programme
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss in Asia. Singapore has one of the highest prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus (DM)...
Review Article
Herbal Treatment for Renal Diseases
Renal fibrosis is a common consequence of progressive renal diseases. In nearly all cases, the extent of fibrotic lesions strongly correlates with disease severity...
Review Article
Hyperlipidaemia in Chronic Kidney Disease
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at an increased risk for cardiovascular disease and have a higher prevalence of hyperlipidaemia (or dyslipidaemias) than...
Review Article
Retardation of Kidney Failure – Applying Principles to Practice
By 2010 there will be more than 2 million patients worldwide on maintenance dialysis, a 400% increase in 20 years.1 This increase, occurring predominantly...
Review Article
Progression of Renal Failure – The Role of Hypertension
Hypertension, or perhaps more accurately high blood pressure, plays a pivotal role in the progression of renal failure. The dichotomy of “hypertension” and “normotension”...
Review Article
Role of Urinary Screening Programmes in Children in the Prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease
Singapore has an estimated annual incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) of 158 per million population.1 However, the number of children who develop renal...
Original Article
Screening Tools for Bacteraemia in a Selected Population of Febrile Children
Bacteraemia refers to the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream. The presence or absence of toxicity differentiates occult bacteraemia, which is relatively asymptomatic, from...
Original Article
Prevalence of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis among Female School Children in Singapore
Scoliosis screening in schools is still widely practised worldwide despite some countries abandoning the practise in recent years. Screening usually consists of visual inspection...
Review Article
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in Pregnancy: A Review of the Guidelines for Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission in Malaysia
Pregnancy, whether actual or anticipated, has been a critical driver for the diagnosis, treatment and care of women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Unlike...
Original Article
Supplementary Breast Ultrasound Screening in Asian Women with Negative But Dense Mammograms—A Pilot Study
Mammogram has been the gold standard for breast cancer screening and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been advocated for screening of high- risk individuals....
Original Article
Hearing Loss in Newborns with Cleft Lip and/or Palate
Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) is one of the commonest congenital malformations. A recent update collating data from international organisations for the years 2002...
Original Article
Kidney Cancer and Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Taiwan
Kidney cancer accounts for 3% to 4% of all cancers. In a systematic review by Mathew and et al,2 the incidence of kidney cancer...
Letter to the Editor
Empagliflozin-induced severe osmotic nephrosis and acute renal injury in advanced chronic kidney disease
Diabetic kidney disease remains a significant disease burden globally and is associated with increased medical costs once chronic kidney disease (CKD) ensues. Therefore, optimisation...