Medullary carcinoma of thyroid is a malignant tumour which arises from parafollicular or C cells that produce calcitonin. It comprises 5% to 10% of all thyroid malignancies and occurs sporadically or is hereditary as a manifestation of the type 2 multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes. Melanin producing medullary carcinoma of thyroid is one of its rare microscopic variant.
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