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Volume 51, Number 11 November 2022

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a rare inflammatory syndrome with multisystem involvement, emerged in Singapore as incidence of COVID-19 increased in 2021.

A Singapore observational study on cases fulfilling the Ministry of Health criteria for MIS-C from January 2020 to December 2021 was conducted. Multidisciplinary management, timely diagnosis, and early treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and steroids likely contributed to good outcomes.

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Featured

Original Article

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in Singapore

Karen Donceras Nadua, Chia Yin Chong, Kai-Qian Kam, Yee Hui Mok, Jonathan Tze Liang Choo, Joyce Ching Mei Lam, Jiahui Li, Natalie Woon Hui Tan, Chee Fu Yung, Su-Wan Bianca Chan, Kai Liang Teh, Lena Das, Thaschawee Arkachaisri, Koh Cheng Thoon
While children infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) resulting in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have milder manifestations compared to adults,1,2 a rare multisystem inflammatory syndrome leading to multiorgan failure and shock (multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children...
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Editorial

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: A unique manifestation of COVID-19

Si Min Chan
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, children have been relatively spared from the severe symptomatic infection affecting adults, particularly the elderly and those with comorbidities. One of the most challenging aspects of paediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection has been the...
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Review Article

The Omicron-transformer: Rise of the subvariants in the age of vaccines

Travis Ren Teen Chia, Barnaby Edward Young, Po Ying Chia
The emergence and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 have been publicly tracked in unprecedented detail through a combination of intensive genomic sequencing and open-access sharing of data.1 This surveillance information describes how waves of COVID-19 infections have been driven by the...
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Review Article

National surgical antibiotic prophylaxis guideline in Singapore

Wei Teng Gladys Chung, Humaira Shafi, Jonathan Seah, Parthasarathy Purnima, Taweechai Patun, Kai-Qian Kam, Valerie Xue Fen Seah, Rina Yue Ling Ong, Li Lin, Robin Sing Meng Choo, Pushpalatha Lingegowda, Cheryl Li Ling Lim, Jasmine Shimin Chung, Nathalie Grace SY Chua, Tau Hong Lee, Min Yi Yap, Tat Ming Ng, Jyoti Somani
Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) refers to the administration of antibiotics prior to clean and clean-contaminated surgeries to prevent postoperative surgical site infections (SSIs). An optimal SAP should be highly effective in preventing SSI. An ideal prophylactic antibiotic regimen is:...
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Original Article

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease screening in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cost-effectiveness and...

Bryan Peide Choo, George Boon-Bee Goh, Sing Yi Chia, Hong Choon Oh, Ngiap Chuan Tan, Jessica Yi Lyn Tan, Tiing Leong Ang, Yong Mong Bee, Yu Jun Wong
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing epidemic and has become a major cause of liver-related mortality and indication for liver transplantations globally. It is estimated that nearly 25% of the world’s population and more than 60% of...
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Original Article

Improving drug allergy label accuracy by supervised safety- and protocol-driven evaluation

Chiara Jiamin Chong, Karen Jui Lin Choo, Kheng Yong Ong, Vivian Tan, Janet Beng Neo Khoo, Kavitha Garuna Murthee, Ibrahim Muhammad Hanif, Chaw Su Naing, Haur Yueh Lee
Self-reported drug allergies1 are common, and the majority of these have been shown to be inaccurate. Recording of drug allergy details is also often incomplete and inaccurate.2 Consequences of inaccurate drug labelling include unnecessary avoidance of effective medications, restricted...
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Commentary

‘Roe’lling with the punches: Telehealth contraception and abortion

Soe-Na Choo, Judith Ong
Unsafe abortion is a global health issue as it is a key preventable cause of maternal mortality. It has been estimated that up to 13% of maternal deaths per year are due to unsafe abortions.1 Women in developing countries...
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Original Article

Impact of aortic annular size and valve type on haemodynamics and clinical outcomes...

Samuel Ji Quan Koh, Jonathan Yap, Yilin Jiang, Julian Cheong Kiat Tay, Kevin Kien Hong Quah, Nishanth Thiagarajan, Swee Yaw Tan, Mohammed Rizwan Amanullah, Soo Teik Lim, Zameer Abdul Aziz, Sivaraj Govindasamy, Victor Tar Toong Chao, See Hooi Ewe, Kay Woon Ho
The management of severe aortic stenosis (AS) in patients with small aortic annulus (SAA) represents a therapeutic challenge due to the increased mortality and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) seen in this group of patients even after surgical aortic...
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Review Article

Exploring loss and grief during the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review of qualitative...

Xinyu Tao, Chou Chuen Yu, James Alvin Low
As of mid October 2022, the World Health Organization recorded that more than 620 million people worldwide have been infected by SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19, while over 6.5 million have succumbed to the disease. Many have lost family...
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Editorial

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on loss and grief

Marcus K Tan, Eik-Chao Chia, Roger S McIntyre, Roger C Ho
As of 17 October 2022, the COVID-19 pandemic has claimed more than 6.5 million lives globally, with 1,639 deaths reported in Singapore.1 With numerous countries imposing measures such as lockdowns and social distancing measures that isolate individuals, there has...
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Review Article

Nutrition therapy in the older critically ill patients: A scoping review

Zheng-Yii Lee, Carolyn Tze Ing Loh, Charles Chin Han Lew, Lu Ke, Daren K Heyland, M Shahnaz Hasan
The increasing levels of life expectancy and decreasing fertility are shifting the age structure of the world population towards older ages.1 From year 2020 to 2050, population aged ≥65 years is expected to rise from 9.3% to 16%.1 The...
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Original Article

Validation and comparison of the PECARN rule, Step-by-Step approach and Lab-score for predicting...

Natalia Sutiman, Zi Xean Khoo, Gene Yong-Kwang Ong, Rupini Piragasam, Shu-Ling Chong
The diagnostic approach and management of febrile infants <90 days of age remain a challenge, given that the majority of these infants have no localising signs and symptoms, and may appear clinically well at presentation.1 In addition, the majority...
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Call For Papers

The Annals is the official journal of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore. Established in 1972, Annals is the leading medical journal in Singapore which aims to publish novel findings from clinical research as well as medical practices that can benefit the medical community.

Published monthly, online, open-access and peer-reviewed, Annals is indexed in Index Medicus, Science Citation Index – Expanded, ISI Alerting Services, and Current Contents/ Clinical Medicine. Impact Factor for the Annals in 2021 is 8.713 and 5-year Impact Factor is 5.544.

The rapidly ageing population and enlarging burden of chronic diseases require a proportionate emphasis on health promotion and disease prevention. A health system that is more data-driven and patient-centric, which leverages the innovative use of technology and digital solutions, will be areas warranting research attention and coverage. The Annals invites submission of manuscripts that advance the scientific basis of clinical knowledge, and the practice of medicine in Singapore and internationally. We welcome submissions that address challenges in the management of chronic diseases (e.g. cancer, cardiovascular diseases, ageing, diabetes mellitus and neurological diseases), and use of technology and digital medicine to improve patient care.

Papers of sufficient merits will be published. Authors will also be notified if their manuscripts are deemed not suitable for publication.

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Mental Health Strategies to Combat the Psychological Impact of Coronavirus Disease...

Cyrus SH Ho, Cornelia YI Chee, Roger CM Ho
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Serena Low, Mien Chew Chin, Mabel Deurenberg-Yap
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Rationale for Redefining Obesity in Asians

Serena Low, Mien Chew Chin, Stefan Ma, Derrick Heng, Mabel Deurenberg-Yap
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