One of the most significant advances in critical care medicine during the last 40 years is the development of organ transplantation. Successful transplantations give patients with otherwise untreatable degenerative diseases a new lease on life, or enable them to lead a more fulfilling or productive existence. In cases such as renal failure, transplantation offers patients a better clinical outcome than other treatment options such as dialysis; being more cost-effective, it may also free up much needed resources for other healthcare areas.1
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