Environmental exposures to the adverse effects from climate change are expected to increase for many urban populations in the United States during the next 50 years, potentially due to increased summertime heat stress, increased ambient ozone concentrations, and other pathways such as increased vector- and water-borne disease. Vulnerable elderly...

The management of necrotising pancreatitis has improved significantly over the last 2 decades, with a corresponding improvement in mortality rates. This improvement is largely attributed to advances in supportive therapy, diagnostic radiology and a better understanding of the pathophysiology of necrotising pancreatitis. This article is available only as a PDF....

The epidemic of type II diabetes mellitus is now recognised worldwide. In India, it has been estimated that the population with type II diabetes would increase by 150% in 2025. As the population with type II diabetes increases, so does the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and other microvascular complications. This...

The presence of an intraocular foreign body (IOFB) is a common complication of ocular trauma. For surgical planning, the localisation of IOFBs has to be accurate. Posterior segment foreign bodies are detected by clinical examination and imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) and low-frequency (5 MHz to 10...

LASIK is routinely carried out to correct the refractive errors of myopic patients. A high percentage of patients have good high-contrast visual acuity after undergoing LASIK surgery, with the majority of them having unaided vision that meets the minimum recommended criteria for driving. This article is available only as a...