The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 257 million people worldwide have chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and another 71 million people have chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.1 In 2015, both infections accounted for 1.34 million deaths worldwide and this worked out to 2.5 deaths every minute...

Sarcopenia is characterised by aged-related progressive and generalised loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength.1 It is estimated that adults lose about 3% to 5% of muscle mass every decade starting from the fourth decade of life.2 After age 50, the rate of loss increases from 1% to 2%...

In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), good glycaemic control leads to a substantial fall in microvascular complications and a potential decline in macrovascular complications.1,2 However, as T2DM is a progressive disease, a large number of patients will need multiple therapies to achieve glycaemic control for a few...

The use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in children is widespread and has increased in the past decade.1-3 The physiological benefits of NIV include increasing functional residual capacity, unloading respiratory muscles and promoting cardiopulmonary interactions that translate into improved gas exchange and symptom relief.4,5 In certain paediatric patients such as...

How The Humanities Are Integral to Medicine The medical humanities are an interdisciplinary field where concepts, content and methods from art, history and literature are used to investigate the experience of illness and to understand the professional identity of healthcare providers.1 The humanities—or “human sciences”—aim to increase self-awareness and improve...