In this issue of the Annals, the paper “Association of quality-of-care indicators with asthma outcomes: An observational study for asthma care in Singapore” by Lam et al.1 illustrates the use of real-world data to generate real-world evidence in the area of asthma care in Singapore. Asthma is a chronic health...

“The young physician starts life with 20 drugs for each disease, and the old physician ends life with one drug for 20 diseases.” — William Osler Hypertension is both a cause and consequence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). As such, the prevalence of hypertension is high among CKD patients and...

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in much morbidity and mortality around the world. The development of vaccines has cushioned the effect of the virus and thus, provided hope in the fight against the disease.1 Yet, there are still small battles with COVID-19, at the bench and...

Asthma, a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways,1 is a common respiratory condition, with an estimated 262 million people affected worldwide.2 In Singapore, 5% of residents aged 18–69 years are affected.3 Despite the high standard of healthcare in Singapore, asthma control is a concern, as evidenced by high mortality...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasingly pressing global health issue due to its strong link to serious complications such as end stage renal disease (ESRD), cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality.1 Over the last few decades, its impact has become more severe, moving from 27th to 18th on the...